Uma visão da antropologia da semiperiferia canadense

  • Bruce Granville Miller Professor in the Department of Anthropology, University of British Columbia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15210/interfaces.v18i2.13754
Palavras-chave: Colúmbia Britânica, Canadá, Brasil, Antropologia, Povos Indígenas, Aculturação, Comparações.

Resumo

Este artigo compara a antropologia canadense, em particular a da Columbia Britânica, e a brasileira, com o objetivo de analisar o modo como elas se relacionam com as atuais lutas políticas dos povos indígenas nestes contextos. Começo argumentando que, apesar de um posicionamento semiperiférico do Canadá em relação aos Estados Unidos e a outros centros de teorização acadêmica e treinamento de professores e pesquisadores, há uma história distinta da prática da antropologia na Colúmbia Britânica, baseada em uma abordagem dialógica e situada localmente. Os antropólogos brasileiros e da Colúmbia Britânica têm em comum o fato de já terem passado pelos estudos sobre aculturação, etnicidade e fricção interétnica para novas e mais recentes abordagens, onde enfatizarei os fatores que as influenciaram e deram forma. Usando exemplos do meu próprio Departamento de Antropologia na Universidade da Colúmbia Britânica e minha própria prática, aponto para diferenças significativas na posição política dos indígenas nos dois países, e nos sistemas jurídicos nacionais para, consequentemente, indicar como os antropólogos trabalham com os indígenas e teorizam sobre suas interações. O papel dos antropólogos como peritos em litígios indígenas é estruturado de maneira diferente no Brasil e na Colúmbia Britânica, possibilitando uma conexão profunda e de longo prazo entre antropólogos e povos indígenas. Observo que a antropologia sociocultural na Colúmbia Britânica, ao contrário do Brasil, está ligada à arqueologia e à antropologia biológica no trabalho com os indígenas, o que molda as questões de interação e pesquisa.

Biografia do Autor

Bruce Granville Miller, Professor in the Department of Anthropology, University of British Columbia
Bruce Granville Miller is Full Professor of Anthropology at UBC. His BA is from Brown University, 1973, and the PhD from Arizona State University, 1989. Miller is the author of eight books and over sixty journal articles, chapters, and invited essays concerning Aboriginal peoples, law, and relations to the state, including Invisible Indigenes; The Problem of Justice: Tradition and Law in the Coast Salish World; Oral History on Trial: Recognizing Aboriginal Narratives in the Courts, and Be of Good Mind: Essays on the Coast Salish. He has worked with Coast Salish people and communities over the last forty years and has served on many occasions as an expert witness in First Nations and American Indian litigation and in the BC Human Rights Tribunal. His tribunal testimony in Radek regarding how discrimination in public places can be determined has been accepted as the standard by the BC Supreme Court. He is the winner of the K.D. Srivastiva Prize for Excellence in Academic Publishing, the recipient of the Killam Teaching Prize, and is an elected Fellow of the Society for Applied Anthropology and the Canadian Anthropology Society and was a Jacobs Javits Fellow. He was the co-founder of the UBC ethnographic field school held in conjunction for eight years with the Stó:lō Nation. Dr. Miller was co-chair of the annual Society for Applied Anthropology meetings and served as editor of Culture, the journal of the Canadian Anthropology Society, and was a member of the board of the Canadian Anthropology Society. He is on the editorial board of several journals. He has engaged in anthropological work and/or taught in Taiwan, Brazil, Papua New Guinea, Canada and the United States, and given invited lectures at Harvard University, the University of Washington, Dartmouth College, and many others.As a member of the Board of Directors and chair of the Collections Committee of the Museum of Vancouver over the last ten years, Dr. Miller created and implemented a repatriation policy. Significant repatriations include what was once called the Sechelt Image (a 3,000 year old carved stone piece) and now known as The Grieving Mother to the Sechelt First Nation; and ancestral remains to the Stó:lō Nation, the Snuneymuxw First Nation, and others, including to Michigan, USA. In addition, the Museum and the Canoe Creek engaged in a repatriation of a six-ton boulder with many petroglyphs from Vancouver to the BC interior. A Sasq’ets (previously known as Sasquatch) mask carved in the 1930s was returned to the Sts’ailes First Nation.

Referências

BAINES, Stephen Grant. Social Anthropology with Indigenous Peoples in Brazil, Canada and Australia: A comparative approach. Vibrant v.9 n.1, p. 210-238. 2012.

BRASIL, Daniel Rodrigues. The Underdog World. PhD Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of British Columbia, 2015.

DARNELL, Regna and GLEACH, Frederic W. Anthropologists and their Traditions across national border: histories of anthropology annual volume 8, Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 2014.

DARNELL, Regna and HARRISON, Julia, Historicizing Canadian Anthropology, Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2006.

DA SILVA, Cristhian Teófilo Anthropology and Ethnicity’s Interplay Among First Nations in Canada: The Case of Quebec. The Canadian Journal of Native Studies XXV, 2(2005):553-569.

GRIER, Colin. Consuming the Recent for Constructing the Ancient: The Role of Ethnography in Coast Salish Archaeological Interpretation. In Miller, Bruce Granville, “Be of Good Mind:” Essays on the Coast Salish, p. 284-307. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2007.

HAWTHORN, Harry, Hawthorn, H.B., Belshaw, C.S. and Jamieson, S.M. The Indians of British Columbia, a Study of Contemporary Social Adjustment. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1958.

KEW, J. E. Michael. Anthropology and First Nation in British Columbia, BC Studies 10, p. 78-195, 1993.

______ . Reflections on Anthropology at the University of British Columbia. B.C. Studies 193, p. 163-185, 2017.

MILLER, Bruce Granville. Invisible Indigenes: The Politics of Non-recognition Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2003.

______ , ed. Upper Skagit Indian Tribe Historical Atlas. Sedro-Woolley, Washington: Upper Skagit Tribe of Indians, 2018.

MILLER, Bruce Granville, and MENEZES, Gustavo. Anthropological Experts and the Legal System: Brazil and Canada, American Indian Quarterly, v. 39, n.4., p. 391-430, 2015.

OTTENBERG, Simon. Experiences in the University of Washington Anthropology Department, 1955-1991. Journal of Northwest Anthropology, v. 49, n. 1, 2014.

OUELLET, Richard. The life and death of the Council of Elders of the Descendants of Jasper Park. PhD dissertation, Interdisciplinary Studies, University of British Columbia, 2016.

RAMOS, Alcida Rita. “Ethnology Brazilian style.” Cultural Anthropology, 5(4): 452-457, 1990.

THOM, Brian. The Contemporary Coast Salish: Essays by Bruce Granville Miller. Bruce Granville Miller and Darby C. Stapp, Editors, BC Studies, n. 195, p. 158-159, 2017.

WHITTAKER, Elvi and AMES, Michael. Anthropology and Sociology at UBC from 1947 to the 1980s. In Historizing Canadian Anthropology: Julia Harrison and Regna Darnell, ed., p. 157-172. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2006.

Publicado
2018-09-01
Edição
v. 18 n. 2 (2018): Reposicionando o ‘periférico’ na Antropologia: trocando olhares sobre problemas sociais indígenas no Brasil e no Canadá
Seção
Dossiê Reposicionando o ‘periférico’ na antropologia: Trocando olhares sobre problemas sociais indígenas

Autores que submetem seus manuscritos para serem publicados nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:

  1. Os autores têm preservados os direitos autorais sobre seus textos, mas concedem à revista autorização para primeira publicação, nas versões on line e impressa, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution - CC-BY.
  2. Em virtude dos artigos aparecerem nesta revista de acesso público, são de uso gratuito.

 

Licença Creative Commons Revista Interfaces Brasil/Canadá é licenciado sob uma Licença Creative Commons CC-BY.