Multiculturalismo: o sucesso, o fracasso e o futuro
Resumo
Ideias sobre a acomodação legal e política da diversidade étnica têm comparecido nos debates políticos dos últimos 40 anos. Entretanto, relatos sobre a “ascensão e a queda do multiculturalismo” têm efetivamente ocupado o discurso de estudiosos, jornalistas e legisladores de várias partes do mundo para explicar a evolução dos debates contemporâneos sobre a diversidade. O presente relatório sustenta que essa narrativa-mestra, ao mesmo tempo em que obscurece dados relevantes sobre o tema, revela que toda e qualquer consideração depende da natureza das questões em debate e dos países envolvidos. É preciso compreender todas as variações que a questão encerra, se o objetivo for identificar um modelo mais sustentável que vise a acomodar a diversidade. Assim, o relatório demonstra que essa visão pré-concebida em relação ao multiculturalismo descaracteriza a natureza das experiências já realizadas, exagera na dimensão dada ao abandono dessas práticas e identifica, de forma equivocada, tanto as dificuldades e limitações naturais encontradas nesse percurso, como as opções de solução dos problemas. Nesse sentido, o estudo de Will Kymlicka propõe analisar o que significa o multiculturalismo, tanto na teoria como na prática, avaliando a sua trajetória, mesmo que, por vezes, marcada por insucessos, mas, principalmente, considerando as condições em que provavelmente vai-se desenvolver no futuro.Referências
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