Espectroscopia Raman e a Ciência do Patrimônio: aspectos gerais e panorama atual na América do Sul
Resumo
As últimas décadas tem presenciado um crescente aumento no uso de métodos físico-químicos de análise de bens culturais. Algumas dessas técnicas tem se mostrado particularmente úteis pelo caráter não invasivo e não destrutivo que apresentam e, dentre elas, a espectroscopia Raman apresenta posição de destaque. Neste artigo, essas características da técnica são detalhadas, bem como são apresentados os fundamentos teóricos do espalhamento inelástico de luz e discutidos alguns aspectos práticos de sua utilização. Finalmente, é apresentado um levantamento detalhado dos grupos de pesquisa da América do Sul, voltados ao estudo de bens culturais, que tem se utilizado dessa ferramenta analítica e em qual tipo de questionamentos vem sendo aplicada. Abstract: The last decades have witnessed an ever growing increase in the usage of physico-chemical methods to investigate cultural heritage problems. Some of these techniques are proving to be particularly useful in such a context, due to their non-invasive and non-destructive nature; among them, Raman spectroscopy occupies a prominent position. In this paper, such characteristics of the technique are detailed and the physical basis of inelastic light scattering are presented, together with some practical aspects of its applications. Finally, it is here offered a detailed survey in the literature on the South American research groups devoted to the investigation of cultural heritage issues who are using Raman spectroscopy, and the type of interrogation carried on.Downloads
Referências
ACEVEDO, Veronica J.; LOPEZ, Mariel A.; FREIRE, Eleonora; HALAC, Emilia B.; POLLA, Griselda; REINOSO, Maria. Study of pigments used in black-on-red ceramics from Quebrada de Humahuaca, Jujuy, Argentina. Boletin Del Museo Chileno De Arte Precolombino, 17, p. 39-51, 2012.
ACEVEDO, Natalia; WEBER, Marion; GARCIA-CASCO, Antonio; PROENZA, Joaquin Antonio; SAENZ, Juanita; CARDONA, Agustin. A first report of variscite tairona artifacts (A.D. 1100-1600) from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, and its implications for precolumbian exchange networks in the region. Latin American Antiquity, 27, p. 549-560, 2016.
ACEVEDO, Veronica J.; LOPEZ, Mariel A.; FREIRE, Eleonora; HALAC, Emilia B.; POLLA, Griselda; REINOSO, Mara; MARTE, Fernando. Caracterizacion arqueometrica de pigmentos color negro de material ceramico de la quebrada de Humahuaca, Jujuy, Argentina. Chungara - Revista de Antropologia Chilena, 47, p. 229-238, 2015.
ADAR, F.; DELHAYE, M.; DASILVA, E. Evolution of instrumentation for detection of the Raman effect as driven by available technologies and by developing applications. Journal of Chemical Education, 84, p. 50-60, 2007.
AGUAYO, T.; CLAVIJO, E.; VILLAGRAN, A.; ESPINOSA, F.; SAGUES, F.E.; CAMPOS-VALLETTE, M. Raman Vibrational Study of Pigments with patrimonial interest for the Chilean Cultural Heritage. Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 55, p. 347-351, 2010.
AGUAYO, T.; CLAVIJO, E.; EISNER, F.; OSSA-IZQUIERDO, C.; CAMPOS-VALLETTE, M. Raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis of the wall painting History of Concepcion, Chile. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 42, p. 2143-2148, 2011.
AGUAYO, Tomas A.; GARRIDO, C.; CLAVIJO, R.E.; GOMEZ-JERIA, J.S.; MONASTERIO, C.A.; ICAZA, M.; MORAGA, F.E.; VALLETTE, Marcelo M. Campos. Raman and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering of a black dyed silk. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 44, p. 1238-1245, 2013.
ARAYA, C.; JAQUE, J.; NARANJO, N.; ICAZA, M.; CLAVIJO, R.E.; AGUAYO, T.; CAMPOS-VALLETTE, M.M. Raman Characterization of Pigments in Painted Beams and a Wall Painting Discovered in the San Francisco Church in Santiago, Chile. Spectroscopy Letters, 47, p. 177-183, 2014.
BADILLO-SANCHEZA, Diego e BAUMANN, Wolfram. Comparative palette characterization of oil-on-canvas paintings of two well-known 19th-century Colombian artists by confocal Raman spectroscopy. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 47, p. 1540-1547, 2016.
BARBOSA, A. L.; JIMENEZ, C.; MOSQUERA, J.A. Detection of Iron Phases Presents in Archaeological Artifacts by Raman Spectroscopy. Corrosion Science and Technology-Korea, 17, p. 60-67, 2018.
BERNARDINO, Nathalia D'Elboux; PUGLIERI, Thiago Sevilhano; DE FARIA, Dalva L. A.). Effect of MnO2 and alpha-Fe2O3 on organic binders degradation investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 70, p. 70-77, 2014.
BERNARDINO, N.D.; DE FARIA D.L.; NEGRÓN A.C. Applications of Raman spectroscopy in archaeometry: An investigation of pre-Columbian Peruvian textiles. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 4, p. 23-31, 2015.
BERNARDINO, N.D.; CONSTANTINO, V.R.; DE FARIA, D.L. Probing the Indigo Molecule in Maya Blue Simulants with Resonance Raman Spectroscopy. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C., 122, p. 11505-11515, 2018.
BORMAN, S.A. Nonlinear Raman Spectroscopy, Analytical Chemistry, 54, p. 1021A–1026A, 1982.
BUGLIANI, M.F.; DI LELLO, Claudia; FREIRE, Eleonora; POLLA, Griselda; PETRAGALLI, Alicia; REINOSO, Maria; HALAC, Emilia B. The use of Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction and Electron Microscopy in the analysis of pigments from Vaquerias ceramics. Boletin Del Museo Chileno De Arte Precolombino, 17, p. 65-74, 2012.
CABANNES, J. e DAURE, P. Analyse spectroscopique de la lumiere obtenue par diffusion moléculaire d’une radiation monochromatique au sein d’un fluide. Comptes Rendu de l’Académie des Science de Paris, 186, p.1533, 1928.
CAMPOS, Marcelo M.V. e AGUAYO, Tomas A. Vibrational spectroscopy for the study of Chilean cultural heritage. Heritage Science, 3, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-015-0047-0.
CAMPOS-VALLETTE, M.M.; RODRIGUEZ, M.J.; CHAPANOFF, M.A.; CLAVIJO, E.; GOMEZ-JERIA, J.S.; ALIAGA, A.E.); JARA, G.P.; CELIS, F.; PAIPA, C.; LEYTON, P. SERS spectrum of red dyes in the Mapuche belts from the beginning of the XXth century. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 48, p. 958-965, 2017.
CAVALHERI, Adriana S.; BALAN, Ana M. O. A.; KUNZLI, Ruth; CONSTANTINO, Carlos J. L. Vibrational spectroscopy applied to the study of archeological ceramic artifacts from Guarani culture in Brazil. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 54, p. 164-168, 2010.
CAVICCHIOLI, Andrea e DE FARIA, Dalva L. A. Impedance analysis of varnish-modified crystal quartz resonators coupled with FT-IR and FT-Raman: Assessment of the environmental impact on artistic materials in conservation sites. Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical, 115, p. 656-665, 2006.
CENTENO, Silvia A.; WILLIAMS, Veronica I.; LITTLE, Nicole C.; SPEAKMAN, Robert I. Characterization of surface decorations in Prehispanic archaeological ceramics by Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD and XRF. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 58, p. 119-124, 2012.
COMPTON, A.H. A quantum theory of the scattering of X-rays by light elements. Physical review, 21, p. 483-502, 1923.
DARCHUK, L.; TSYBRII, Z.; WOROBIEC, A.; VAZQUEZ, C.; PALACIOS, O.M.; STEFANIAK, E.A.; ROTONDO, G.G.; SIZOV, F.; VAN GRIEKEN, R. Argentinean prehistoric pigments' study by combined SEM/EDX and molecular spectroscopy. Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 75, p. 1398-1402, 2010.
DAVID, A.R.; EDWARDS, H.G.M.; FARWELL, D.W.; DE FARIA, D.L.A. Raman spectroscopic analysis of ancient Egyptian pigments. Archaeometry, 43, p. 461-473, 2001.
DE BOER, J.V. Infrared reflectography: a method for the examination of paintings. Applied Optics, 7, p. 1711-1714, 1968.
DE FARIA, D.L.A.; EDWARDS, H.G.M.; AFONSO, M.C.; BRODY, R.H.; MORAIS, J.L. Raman spectroscopic analysis of a tembeta: a resin archaeological artefact in need of conservation. Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 60, p. 1505-1513, 2004.
DE FARIA, D.L.A.; EDWARDS, H.G.M.; AFONSO, M.C. Case study: Raman spectroscopy of archaeological biomaterials: Ochred bones and resin tembeta. IN: EDWARDSH.G.M.; CHALMERS, J.M., eds. Raman Spectroscopy in Archaeology and Art History. RSC Analytical Spectroscopy Monographs. Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing, 2005, p. 280-291.
DE FARIA, D.L.A. e LOPES, F.N. Heated goethite and natural hematite: Can Raman spectroscopy be used to differentiate them? Vibrational Spectroscopy, 45, p. 117-121, 2007.
DE FARIA, Dalva Lúcia A. e PUGLIERI, Thiago S. Indoors lead corrosion: Reassessing the role of formaldehyde. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 54, p. 159-163, 2010.
DE FARIA, Dalva Lúcia A. e PUGLIERI, Thiago S. An example of Raman Microscopy application in the authentication of artworks. Quimica Nova, 34, p. 1323-1327, 2011.
DE FARIA, Dalva Lucia A.; LOPES, Francisco N.; SOUZA, Luiz Antonio C.; BRANCO, Helena David O.C. Rock Art from Abrigo do Janelão (Minas Gerais) investigated by Raman Microscopy. Quimica Nova, 34, p. 1358-1364, 2011.
DE FARIA, D.L.A.; LAGE, M.C.S.M. In: Rock art: further studies at Serra da Capivara National Park (Piauí, Brazil). In: CONGRESO LATINOAMERICANO DE ARQUEOMETRIA, 3, Arica, 2011. Resumos. Arica: Universidad de Tarapacá, s.d. p.28.
DE FARIA, Dalva L. A.; PUGLIERI, Thiago S.; SOUZA, Luiz Antonio C. Metal Corrosion in Polychrome Baroque Lead Sculptures: a Case Study. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 24, p. 1345-1350 , 2013.
DE FARIA, D.L.A.; SAETTONE, E.; ALVA, W. Beds from Huaca Rajada (Lambayeque, Peru). In: CONGRESO LATINOAMERICANO DE ARQUEOMETRIA, 4, Cidade do México, 2014. Resumos. Cidade do México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, s.d. p. 49-50.
DE FARIA, Dalva L. A. e PUGLIERI, Thiago S. Diferenciating reproductions from original paintings: An interesting case study. Quimica Nova, 39, p. 542-547, 2016.
DE FARIA, D.L.A.; EDWARDS, H.G.M.; CAREAGA, V.; WALT, Nicholas; MAIER, Marta S. A definitive analytical spectroscopic study of Indian yellow, an ancient pigment used for dating purposes. Forensic Science International, 271, p. 1-7, 2017.
DE LA FUENTE, Guillermo Adrian e MARTINEZ, Juan M. P. Studying paintings on "Aguada Portezuelo" archaeological ceramics (ca. AD 600-900) from northwest Argentina: new evidence from an archaeometric approach using Raman Microspectroscopy (RMS). Intersecciones en Antropologia, 9, p. 173-186, 2008.
DELHAYE, M.; DHAMELINCOURT, P. Raman Microprobe and microscope with laser excitation. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 3, p. 33-43, 1975.
DE OLIVEIRA, L.F.C.; BOSCAN, J.D.R.P.; SANTOS, P.S.; TEMPERINI, M.L.A. Identification of pigments from Candido Portinari's oil painting "Portrait of Murilo Mendes" by Raman microscopy. Quimica Nova, 21, p. 172-175, 1998.
DE OLIVEIRA, L.F.C.; EDWARDS, H.G.M.; FROST, R.L.; KLOPROGGE, J.T.; MIDDLETON, P.S. Caput mortuum: spectroscopic and structural studies of an ancient pigment. Analyst, 127, p. 536-541, 2002.
EDWARDS, H.G.M.; FARWELL, D.W.; DE FARIA, D.L.A.; MONTEIRO, A.M.F.; AFONSO, M.C.; DE BLASIS, P.; EGGERS, S. Raman spectroscopic study of 3000-year-old human skeletal remains from a sambaqui, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 32, p. 17-22, 2001.
EDWARDS, H.G.M.; MIDDLETON, P.S.; VILLAR, S.E.J.; DE FARIA, D.L.A. Romano-British wall-paintings II: Raman spectroscopic analysis of two villa sites at Nether Heyford, Northants. Analytica Chimica Acta, 484, p. 211-221, 2003.
EDWARDS, H.G.M.; VILLAR, S.E.J.; DAVID, A.R.; DE FARIA, D.L.A. Nondestructive analysis of ancient Egyptian funerary relics by Raman spectroscopic techniques. Analytica Chimica Acta, 503, p. 223-233, 2004.
EDWARDS, H.G.M.; CHALMERS, J.M., eds. Raman Spectroscopy in Archaeology and Art History. Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing, 2005. 476p. (ISBN 0-85404-522-8).
EDWARDS, Howell G. M.; ELKIN, Dolores; MAIER, Marta S. Raman spectroscopic analysis of archaeological specimens from the wreck of HMS Swift, 1770. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 374, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0053
EDWARDS, H.G.M.; VANDENABEELE, P., eds. Raman Spectroscopy in Archaeology and Art History: Volume 2. Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing, 2019. 330p. (ISBN 978-1-78801-565-3).
FABELINSKIĬ, I.L. Seventy years of combination (Raman) scattering. Physics-Uspekhi, 41, p. 1229-1247, 1998.
FARIAS FILHO, Benedito Batista; LAGE, Maria Conceição S.M.; LIMA, Rassius Alexandre M. Chemical study of salts efflorescences of the archaeological site Toca Exu do Jurubeba of the National Park Serra da Capivara, Piaui, Brazil. Quimica Nova, 40, p. 983-988, 2017.
FREIRE, E.; ACEVEDO, V.; HALAC, E.B.; POLLA, G.; LOPEZ, M.; REINOSO, M. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy study of white decorations on tricolored ceramics from Northwestern Argentina. Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 157, p. 182-185, 2016.
FREITAS, Renato P.; RIBEIRO, Iohanna M.; CALZA, Cristiane; OLIVEIRA, Ana L.; FELIX, Valter S.; FERREIRA, Douglas S.; PIMENTA, Andre R.; PEREIRA, Ronaldo V.; PEREIRA, Marcelo O.; LOPES, Ricardo T. Analysis of a Brazilian baroque sculpture using Raman spectroscopy and FT-IR. Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 154, p. 67-71, 2016.
FREITAS, Renato P.; COELHO, Filipe A.; FELIX, Valter S.; PEREIRA, Marcelo O.; DE SOUZA, Marcos Andre T.; ANJOS, Marcelino J. Analysis of 19th century ceramic fragments excavated from Pirenopolis (Goias, Brazil) using FT-IR, Raman, XRF and SEM. Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 193, p. 432-439, 2018.
FRERE, Maria M.; GONZALEZ, Maria I.; DI LELLO, Claudia; POLLA, Griselda; FREIRE, Eleonora; HALAC, Emilia B.; REINOSO, Maria; CUSTO, Graciela; ORTIZ, Marta. Use of colorants in pottery fragments coverings from the Rio Salado (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina). Intersecciones en Antropologia, 17, p. 45-55, 2016.
GHECO, Lucas; GASTALDI, Marcos; MARTE, Fernando; QUESADA, Marcos; TASCON, Marcos; MASTRANGELO, Noemi. About fires and paintings: Three stratigraphic insights on the history of a cave with prehispanic rock art. Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports, 15, p. 48-58, 2017.
GNIADECKA, M.; EDWARDS, H.G.M.; HANSEN, J.P.H.; NIELSEN, O.F.; CHRISTENSEN, D.H.; GUILLEN, S.E.; WULF, H.C. Near-infrared Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy of the mummified skin of the alpine Iceman, Qilakitsoq Greenland mummies and Chiribaya mummies from Peru. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 30, p. 147-153, 1999.
HALAC, Emilia B.; REINOSO, Maria; LUDA, Marcelo; MARTE, Fernando. Raman mapping analysis of pigments from Proas Iluminadas by Quinquela Martin. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 13, p. 469-473, 2012.
HIRSCHFELD, T. Raman microprobe - Vibrational spectroscopy in femtogram range. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 63, p. 476-477, 1973.
LANDSBERG, G. e MANDELSTAM, L. Über die lichtzerstreuung in kristallen. Zeitschrift für Physik, 50, p. 769-780, 1928.
LEITE, R.C. e PORTO, S.P. Continuous Photoelectric Recording of the Raman Effect in Liquids Excited by the He–Ne Red Laser. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 54, p.981-983, 1964
LE RU, E.C.; ETCHEGOIN, P.G. Principles of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and related plasmonic effects. Amsterdã: Elsevier, 2009. 688p.
LONG, D.A. The Raman Effect: A Unified Treatment of the Theory of Raman Scattering by Molecules. Chichester: Wiley, 2002. 624p.
MAIER, M.S.; DE FARIA, D.L.A.; BOSCHIN, M.T.; PARERA, S.D. Characterization of reference lipids and their degradation products by Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Arkivoc, 12, p. 311-318, 2005.
MAIER, M.S.; DE FARIA, D.L.A.; BOSCHIN, M.T.; PARERA, S.D.; BERNAL, M.F.C. Combined use of vibrational spectroscopy and GC-MS methods in the characterization of archaeological pastes from Patagonia. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 44, p. 182-186, 2007.
MARTE, Fernando; ACEVEDO, Veronica J.; MASTRANGELO, Noemi. Combined archaeometric techniques applied to the analysis of “tri-color” ceramic designs from Quebrada de Humahuaca, Jujuy, Argentina. Boletin Del Museo Chileno De Arte Precolombino, 17, p. 53-64, 2012.
MARTE, Fernando; CAREAGA, Valeria P.; MASTRANGELO, Noemi; DE FARIA, Dalva L. A.; MAIER, Marta S. The Sibyls from the church of San Pedro Telmo: a micro-Raman spectroscopic investigation. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 45, p. 1046-1051, 2014.
MORETTI, P.; GALLEGOS, D.; MARTE, F.; BRUNETTI, B.; SGAMELLOTTI, A.; MILIANI, C. (Miliani, Costanza). Materials and techniques of twentieth century Argentinean murals. Procedia Chemistry, 8, p. 221-230, 2013.
MORILLAS, Hector; MAGUREGUI, Maite; BASTANTE, Jose; HUALLPARIMACHI, Gladys; MARCAIDA, Iker; GARCIA-FLORENTINO, Cristina; ASTETE, Fernando; MADARIAGA, Juan M. Characterization of the Inkaterra rock shelter paintings exposed to tropical climate (Machupicchu, Peru). Microchemical Journal, 137, p. 422-428, 2018.
MORILLAS, Hector; MAGUREGUI, Maite; HUALLPARIMACHI, Gladys; MARCAIDA, Iker; GARCIA-FLORENTINO, Cristina; LUMBRERAS, Luis; ASTETE, Fernando; MADARIAGA, Juan M. Multianalytical approach to evaluate deterioration products on cement Check for used as consolidant on lithic material: The case of Tello Obelisk, Lima (Peru). Microchemical Journal, 139, p. 42-49, 2018.
MOYA, Francisca; TRONCOSO, Andres; SEPULVEDA, Marcela; CARCAMO, Jose; GUTIERREZ, Sebastian. Rock art paintings in the semiarid North of Chile: A first physical and chemical approach from the Limari's River Basin. Boletin del Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino, 21, p. 47-64, 2016.
MURAD, E. Identification of minor amounts of anatase in kaolins by Raman spectroscopy. American Mineralogist, 82, p. 203-206, 1997.
OGALDE, Juan P.; SALAS, Cristian O.; LARA, Nelson; LEYTON, Patricio; PAIPA, Carolina; CAMPOS-VALLETTE, Marcelo; ARRIAZA, Bernardo. Multi-instrumental identification of orpiment in archaeological mortuary contexts. Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 59, p. 2571-2573, 2014.
OGALDE, Juan P.; ARRIAZA, Bernardo; PAIPA, Carolina; LEYTON, Patricio; CAMPOS-VALLETTE, Marcelo; LARA, Nelson; SALAS, Cristian; TAPIA, Pedro. Multi-instrumental characterization of two red pigments in funerary archaeological contexts from northern Chile. Interciencia, 40, p. 875-880, 2015.
OSORIO, F.; FLEMING, G.D.; MARTINEZ, U.; CAMPOS-VALLETTE, M.M.; CLAVIJO, E.; ALIAGA, A.E.; ESPINOSA, M.F.; BRACCHITTA, D. Micro-Raman spectroscopy of decorated pottery of the Diaguita culture from IV Region, Chile (9th-15th Century AD). Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 59, p. 2619-2621, 2014.
PUENTE, Veronica; DESIMONE, P.M.; TOMBA, J.P.; LOPEZ, Jose M. Porto. Compositional variability of pigments of Belen-style prehispanic ceramics from El Bolson Valley, Catamarca Province, Argentina. Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports, 12, p. 553-560, 2017.
PUGLIERI, T.S.; DE FARIA D.L.; CAVICCHIOLI A. Indoor corrosion of Pb: Effect of formaldehyde concentration and relative humidity investigated by Raman microscopy. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 71, p. 24-29, 2014.
PUGLIERI, Thiago S.; LAVEZZO, Ariane S.; DOS SANTOS, Isabela F. S.; DE FARIA, Dalva L. A. Investigation on the hazing of a Brazilian contemporary painting. Spectrochimica Acta Part A-Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 159, p. 117-122, 2016.
PUGLIERI, T.S.; MILHEIRA, R.G.; DEL LAMA, E.A.; MAGON, P.M.; DO SANTOS, S.S. Multi-technique investigation of potshards of a cerrito (earthen mound) from southern Brazil. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2018 (DOI 10.1016/j.saa.2018.07.084).
RAMAN, C.V. e KRISHNAN, K.S. The optical analogue of the Compton effect. Nature, 121, p.711, 1928.
RAYLEIGH, L. XXXIV. On the transmission of light through an atmosphere containing small particles in suspension, and on the origin of the blue of the sky. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, 47, p. 375-384, 1899.
RIBEIRO, I.M.; FREITAS, R.P.; CALZA, C.; OLIVEIRA, A.L.; FELIX, V.S.; FERREIRA, D.S.; BATISTA, R.T.; GONCALVES, E.A.; PEREIRA, M.O.; BRITO, P.C.; LIMA, T.A. Analysis by raman spectroscopy and XRF of glass beads from excavations in the harbor area of rio de janeiro, Brazil. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 87, p. 111-115, 2016.
RICCI, C.; MILIANI, C.; BRUNETTI, B.G.; SGAMELLOTTI, A. Non-invasive identification of surface materials on marble artifacts with fiber optic mid-FTIR reflectance spectroscopy. Talanta, 69, p.1221-1226, 2006.
RODRIGUEZ-GACITUA, Camila; CAMPOS-VALLETTE, Marcelo; CELIS, Freddy. Raman identification of pigments in the work of the chilean contemporary visual artist Ignacio Gumucio. Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 61, p. 3085-3089, 2016.
ROSASCO, G.J.; ETZ, E.S.; CASSATT, W.A. The analysis of discrete fine particles by Raman spectroscopy, Applied Spectroscopy, 29, p.396-404, 1975.
ROUSAKI, Anastasia; BELLELLI, Cristina; CALATAYUD, Mariana C.; ALDAZABAL, Veronica; CUSTO, Graciella; MOENS, Luc; VANDENABEELE, Peter; VAZQUEZ, C. Micro-Raman analysis of pigments from hunter-gatherer archaeological sites of North Patagonia (Argentina). Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 46, p. 1016-1024, 2015.
ROUSAKI, Anastasia; VAZQUEZ, Cristina; ALDAZABAL, Veronica; BELLELLI, Cristina; CALATAYUD, Mariana C.; HAJDUK, Adam; VARGAS, Emmanuel; PALACIOS, Oscar; VANDENABEELE, Peter; MOENS, Luc. The first use of portable Raman instrumentation for the in situ study of prehistoric rock paintings in Patagonian sites. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 48, p. 1459-1467, 2017.
RUA, Carlos; SEPULVEDA, Marcela; GUTIERREZ, Sebastian; CARCAMO-VEGA, Jose J.; SURCO-LUQUE, Julio; CAMPOS-VALLETTE, Marcelo; GUZMAN, Fernando; CONTI, Paola; PEREIRA, Magdalena. Raman identification of pigments in wall paintings of the colonial period from bolivian churches in the Ruta de la Plata. Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, 17, p. 117-137, 2017.
SANTOS, ISABELA FERREIRA SODRÉ DOS. Aspectos estruturais e sinérgicos na investigação de bens culturais: efeito de nanoestruturação na cor do pigmento α-Fe2O3 e da composição química na formação de eflorescências em duas pinturas. (Tese de Doutorado) Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, 2018.
SARDOS, Nicola; DEL-SOLAR-VELARDE, Nino; CHAPOULIE, Remy; CASTILLO BUTTERS, Luis Jaime. Physico-chemical characterization of Mochica mural paintings: San Jose de Moro (8th to the 10th century AD). Journal de la Societe des Americanistes, 103, p. 217-235, 2017.
SAVIELLO, D.; TONIOLO, L.; GOIDANICH, S.; CASADIO, F. Non-invasive identification of plastic materials in museum collections with portable FTIR reflectance spectroscopy: reference database and practical applications. Microchemical Journal, 124, p. 868-877, 2016.
SEPULVEDA, Marcela; FIGUEROA, Valentina; PAGES-CAMAGNA, Sandrine. Copper pigment-making in the Atacama Desert (Northern Chile). Latin American Antiquity, 24, p. 467-482, 2013.
SEPULVEDA, Marcela; GUTIERREZ, S.; CAMPOS-VALLETTE, M.; CLAVIJO, E.; WALTER, P.; CARCAMO, J.J. Raman spectroscopy and X-Ray Fluorescence in molecular analysis of yellow blocks from the archeological site Playa Miller 7 (Northern Chile). Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 58, p. 1836-1839, 2013.
SEPULVEDA, Marcela; GUTIERREZ, Sebastian; VALLETTE, Marcelo C.; STANDEN, Vivien G.; ARRIAZA, Bernardo T.; CARCAMO-VEGA, Jose J. Micro-Raman spectral identification of manganese oxides black pigments in an archaeological context in Northern Chile. Heritage Science, 3, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-015-0061-2
SINGH, R.; C, V. Raman and the Discovery of the Raman Effect. Physics in Perspective, 4, p. 399-420, 2002.
STEGER, S.; STEGE, H.; BRETZ, S.; HAHN, O. Capabilities and limitations of handheld Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) for the analysis of colourants and binders in 20th-century reverse paintings on glass. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 195, p. 103-112, 2018.
STRUTT, J.W. LVIII. On the scattering of light by small particles. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, 41, p.447- 454, 1871.
TASCON, Marcos; MASTRANGELO, Noemi; GHECO, Lucas; GASTALDI, Marcos; QUESADA, Marcos; MARTE, Fernando. Micro-spectroscopic analysis of pigments and carbonization layers on prehispanic rock art at the Oyola's caves, Argentina, using a stratigraphic approach. Microchemical Journal, 129, p. 297-304, 2016.
TASCON, Marcos; MASTRANGELO, Noemi; GALLEGOS, Damasia; MARTE, Fernando. Determination of materials and techniques involved in the mural paintings of San Miguel Church, Argentina. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 48, p. 1356-1364, 2017.
TOMASINI, Eugenia; BASILE, Mara; RATTO, Norma; MAIER, Marta. Chemical evidence of environmental deterioration in rock art: a case study in western Tinogasta (Catamarca, Argentina). Boletin del Museo Chileno De Arte Precolombino, 17, p. 27-38, 2012.
TOMASINI, E.; SIRACUSANO, G.; MAIER, M.S. Spectroscopic, morphological and chemical characterization of historic pigments based on carbon. Paths for the identification of an artistic pigment. Microchemical Journal, 102, p. 28-37, 2012.
TOMASINI, Eugenia P.; HALAC, Emilia B.; REINOSO, Maria; DI LISCIA, Emiliano J.; MAIER, Marta S. Micro-Raman spectroscopy of carbon-based black pigments. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 43, p. 1671-1675, 2012.
TOMASINI, Eugenia P.; LANDA, Carlos R.; SIRACUSANO, Gabriela; MAIER, Marta S. Atacamite as a natural pigment in a South American colonial polychrome sculpture from the late XVI century. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 44, p. 637-642, 2013.
TOMASINI, Eugenia P.; DUBOIS, Cristian M.F.; LITTLE, Nicole C.; CENTENO, Silvia A.; MAIER, Marta S. Identification of pyroxene minerals used as black pigments in painted human bones excavated in Northern Patagonia by Raman spectroscopy and XRD. Microchemical Journal, 121, p. 157-162, 2015.
TOMASINI, Eugenia P.; GOMEZ, Blanca; HALAC, Emilia B.; REINOSO, Maria; DI LISCIA, Emiliano J.; SIRACUSANO, Gabriela; MAIER, Marta S. Identification of carbon-based black pigments in four South American polychrome wooden sculptures by Raman microscopy. Heritage Science, 3, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-015-0049-y
TOMASINI, Eugenia; RODRIGUEZ, Diana C.; GOMEZ, Blanca A.; DE FARIA, Dalva L. A.; LANDA, Carlos R.; SIRACUSANO, Gabriela; MAIER, Marta S. A multi-analytical investigation of the materials and painting technique of a wall painting from the church of Copacabana de Andamarca (Bolivia). Microchemical Journal, 128, p. 172-180, 2016.
TOMASINI, Eugenia P.; MARTE, Fernando; CAREAGA, Valeria P.; LANDA, Carlos R.; SIRACUSANO, Gabriela; MAIER, Marta S. Virtuous colours for Mary. Identification of lapis lazuli, smalt and cochineal in the Andean colonial image of Our Lady of Copacabana (Bolivia). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 374, 2016. http://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0047.
TRONCOSO, Andres; MOYA, Francisca; SEPULVEDA, Marcela; CARCAMO, Jose J. First absolute dating of Andean hunter-gatherer rock art paintings from North Central Chile. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 9, p. 223-232, 2017.
Copyright (c) 2018 Dalva Lucia Araujo Faria
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Os Cadernos do LEPAARQ publicam artigos em português, espanhol, italiano, francês e inglês, sem cobrança de nenhum tipo de taxa em nenhum momento, respeitando a naturalidade e o estilo dos autores. As provas finais serão enviadas aos autores, para sua conferência antes da publicação. O Conselho Editorial não se responsabiliza por opiniões emitidas pelos autores dos trabalhos publicados. O periódico Cadernos do LEPAARQ oferece acesso livre imediato ao seu conteúdo, seguindo o princípio de que disponibilizar gratuitamente o conhecimento científico ao público proporciona maior democratização mundial do conhecimento. Os textos publicados poderão ser depositados imediatamente pelos autores em suas páginas pessoais, redes sociais e repositórios de textos.Nesse sentido, o periódico não tem fins lucrativos, de modo que os direitos autorais dos artigos publicados pertencerão aos respectivos autores e estes não receberão nenhuma forma de remuneração. Dessa forma, ao enviar o artigo, o autor do mesmo estará automaticamente aceitando esta condição. A reimpressão, total ou parcial, dos trabalhos publicados deve ser apenas informada pelos seus respectivos autores ao conselho editorial do periódico. OBS. Cabe(m) ao(s) autor(es) as devidas autorizações de uso de imagens com direito autoral protegido (Lei nº 9610, de 19 de fevereiro de 1998), que se realizará com o aceite no ato do preenchimento da ficha de inscrição via web.
