The Cultural Heritage as a Resource in Conflict Resolution – Possibilities and challenges
Resumo
The goal of this article is to present some of the ways in which the cultural heritage can be used in conflict resolution and to which results, as well as to outline challenges. My method has been to read previous research concerning how the cultural heritage can be used in conflict resolution. I have also read the reports and articles available from the projects that I have deemed relevant. I have studied research projects, global organizations as well as smaller and more regional NGOs. This study shows that there are many ways in which the cultural heritage can be used as a resource in conflict resolution. However, for it to work one need also be aware of the various ways in which it can be misused. If those for whom a project is created are considered passive targets of a particular message concerning the past, the risk of losing control of that message will increase. The various meanings of the past as well as the people targeted, are not static but constantly in movement. I therefore argue that a process- oriented approach, preferably through dialogue and participation, would be a way to avoid a static presentation. This method could try to present history from as many perspectives as possible and begin with a focus on the local places and consider the inherently intangible aspects of heritage, to make it relatable, and from there highlight wider issues. Furthermore, the people planning it must be ready to get their own opinions about the heritage challenged by different perceptions, and in so doing, the inherently dissonant aspects of heritage should be seen as a resource rather than as a disturbance. Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar algumas das formas pelas quais o patrimônio cultural pode ser utilizado na resolução de conflitos e para quais resultados, bem como delinear desafios. Meu método tem sido ler pesquisas anteriores sobre como o patrimônio cultural pode ser usado na resolução de conflitos. Também li os relatórios e artigos disponíveis sobre os projetos que considerei relevantes. Tenho estudado projetos de pesquisa, organizações globais, bem como ONGs menores e mais regionais. Este estudo mostra que existem muitas maneiras pelas quais o patrimônio cultural pode ser usado como um recurso na resolução de conflitos. No entanto, para que funcione, é preciso estar ciente das várias maneiras pelas quais pode ser mal utilizado. Se aqueles para os quais um projeto é criado forem considerados alvos passivos de uma mensagem específica sobre o passado, o risco de perder o controle dessa mensagem aumentará. Os vários significados do passado, assim como as pessoas visadas, não são estáticos, mas em constante movimento. Portanto, argumento que uma abordagem orientada para o processo, de preferência por meio do diálogo e da participação, seria uma forma de evitar uma apresentação estática. Este método pode tentar apresentar a história de tantas perspectivas quanto possível e começar a considerar os aspectos inerentemente intangíveis do patrimônio com enfo que local para torná-los relacionáveis e, a partir daí, destacar questões mais amplas. Além disso, as pessoas que planejam o método devem estar prontas para obter suas próprias opiniões sobre o patrimônio desafiadas por diferentes percepções e, ao fazê-lo, os aspectos inerentemente dissonantes do patrimônio devem ser vistos como um recurso e não como uma perturbação.Referências
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Copyright (c) 2020 Gustav Wollentz
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