Segurança Climática e a Defesa Nacional: A Política de Defesa da Amazônia e o Papel das Forças Armadas na Proteção Socioambiental
Climate Security and National Defense: The Amazon Defense Policy and the Role of the Armed Forces in Socio-environmental Protection
Abstract
Abstract: This study analyzes the relationship between climate security and national defense, focusing on Amazon defense policy and the role of the Armed Forces in the region. The research investigates the legitimacy of militarization as a strategy for socio-environmental protection and its reconfiguration in light of recent political and environmental transformations. A qualitative approach is adopted based on document analysis and literature review, with an emphasis on military operations conducted in the Amazonian territory. The timeframe encompasses the Bolsonaro (2019–2022) and Lula (2023–present) administrations, allowing for a comparison of the cooperation between the Armed Forces and civilian agencies, such as IBAMA and FUNAI, in environmental enforcement and territorial management. The study examines operational guidelines, regulations, and institutional reports to identify patterns, challenges, and the impacts of this collaboration. The growing securitization of environmental policies and the strategic position of the Amazon on the international stage render this analysis essential. Historically, the defense of Amazonian territory has expanded military roles beyond their conventional scope, often without effective coordination with civilian institutions and local communities. This model reinforces dynamics of control and exclusion, hindering integrated approaches to environmental governance. Against this background, the study discusses alternatives to redefine the role of the Armed Forces, highlighting the need for inter-institutional cooperation and mechanisms that ensure the protection of the Amazon without compromising the autonomy and rights of local populations.
Keywords: Amazon; Climate Security; National Defense; Militarization; Socio-environmental Protection.
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